Rufus Swindle

“White Capps in Danger of Being Lynched.” The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, Louisiana), April 5, 1895.

“White Cappers Convicted.” The Marion County News (Marion, Alabama), June 2, 1896.

“The White Cappers on Trial.” The Time-Democrat (New Orleans, Louisiana), May 7, 1895.

“Three Boys Sentenced.” The Tuskegee News (Tuskegee, Alabama), May 16, 1895.

“The Whitecapping Decision Affirmed.” The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia), April 7, 1896.

“The State vs Josephus Jowers et als.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), January 30, 1996.

“The New Consitution.” The Birmingham News (Birmingham, Alabama), October 30, 1901.

“Six Whitecappers With the Blood of Innocent.” Union Springs Herald (Union Springs, Alabama), April 10, 1895.

“Sentence of Lynchers Affirmed.” The Scottsboro Citizen (Scottsboro, Alabama), April 16, 1896.

“Notice of Jowers Pardon Application.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), July 24, 1902.

“Luther Ingram and Will Jowers Pardoned.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), June 9, 1896.

“Jowers is Pardoned.” The Gaffney Ledger (Gaffney, South Carolina), July, 25, 1903.

“Jowers is Pardoned.” Asheville Daily Gazette (Asheville, North Carolina), July 26, 1902.

“Jowers is Pardoned.” The Selma Times (Selma, Alabama), July 25, 1902.

“Jowers is Pardoned.” The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia), July 24, 1902.

“Josephus M. Jowers Passes Away.” Wetumpka Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), May 7, 1943.

“Josephus M. Jowers Passes Away.” The Troy Messenger (Troy, Alabama), May 7, 1943.

“John Edwards Pardoned.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), May 12, 1898.

“Joesphus Jowers Trial.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, AL), January 30, 1895.

“Gov Oates Did Not Abuse the Pardoning Power.” The Tuskegee News (Tuskegee, Alabama), July 25, 1895.

“Cowardly Was the Crime of a Band of Whitecaps.” The Birmingham News, (Birmingham, Alabama), April 4, 1895.

“Cotton Plow Payments.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, AL), June 26, 1895.

“By Murder.” Louisville Courier Journal (Louisville, Kentucky), April 5, 1895.

“Attorney General Fitts Attends Trial.” The Weekly Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), January 23, 1896.

“Around Alabama.” The Birmingham News (Birmingham, Alabama), June 14, 1895.

“An Outrageous Assault.” The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia), April 5, 1895. https://newspapers.com.

“Alonzo Edwards Dies at Seman Home.” The Wetumpka Herald (Wetumpka, Alabama), June 16, 1949.

“Alleged Horse Thief Caught.” The Troy Messenger (Troy, Alabama), March 1, 1911.

“Alabama Whitecaps Sentenced to a Term in Penetentiary.” The Macon Telegraph (Macon, Georgia), April 7, 1896.

“Alabama Murderers.” Knoxville Courier and Tribune (Knoxville Tennessee), April 5, 1895.

“Abuse of Pardoning Power.” The Reaper (Sheffield, Alabama), June 29, 1895.

“A Mistrial.” The Alexander City Outlook (Alexander City, Alabama), May 17, 1895.